The Story of the Citizens of the Planet

Jews are one of the most controversial nations, that travelled and lived all over the Earth. No wonder, that in every new generation there is a historian, who tries to write a monumental work on the history of the Jews. Forty-one years ago one great British historian named Cecil Roth asked Simon Schama, who at that time taught students history at Cambridge, to finish his work on the Jewish history for him. Schama agreed, but, as it appeared later, he just couldn’t bring himself to continue writing Roth’s book. Instead he began to write his own work, â€Å"The Story of the Jews†. Why? The Stories Can Be Told Differently Well, because sometimes the desire to do something is not enough. Cecil Roth was a Jew himself and he really did explore his field of study thoroughly. In his work he explored the doings of the greatest men of his nation, he looked at history from above, writing more of the elite than of the common folk. Simon Schama is a professional historian, who knows his field of study well enough, but he also is acquainted with many other studies and scientific fields. His point of view on the events of the past differs from Roth’s point of view a lot – unlike his forerunner, he prefered to explore Jewish history from unexpected angles – he dedicates a lot of thoughts to social and cultural forces and analyzes lives of the middle class of the Jewish society. To nowadays reader, Schama’s approach is more interesting and enthralling. Roth’s book is more of an encyclopedia, while â€Å"The Story of the Jews† has not only scientific, but also literary value . Across the History The events of Schama’s book end in the 15th century. The whole story starts in a Jewish colony on Elephantine, the island in the upper Nile. The readers start their trip with Jewish mercenary Shelomam, who works for Persian King; they end it at the side of Abrahab Zacuto in year 1500. Zacuto was an astronomer and his fundamental work â€Å"Perpetual Almanach for the Movement of Celestial Bodies† was the book, which Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama used as a guide while travelling and discovering unknown territories. Never Wanted to Be Segregated One of the main ideas of â€Å"The Story of the Jews† is the statement that Jews never quite wanted to form a separate society within the societies they lived in. They always tried to cooperate with people of all religions, beliefs and races, and the process of segregation was triggered only when Christians and Muslims turned against the Jews. In order to protect themselves and their culture, Jews had to unite into small communities, separating from the hostile society.

Strategies for Alleviating the Gang Crime Problem Essay

Introduction The definition of a gang crime by the law enforcement officials takes two dimensions but they employ one of the definitions in order to measure and tackle this problem in the society. The first definition considers gang-related all crimes committed by individuals who belong to a particular gang without regard to the circumstances surrounding such crimes or the nature of the offense. This therefore is a member-based definition of gang crime. Another but more restrictive definition is that a gang crime is committed if and when such occurs as part of the function of a gang or for the benefit of the gang and therefore is strictly gang-motivated. Based on the evidence that gang-motivated crimes constitute more than half of gang†¦show more content†¦Peer groups are unorganized and small groups of individuals who have a common background and share the same space. Their involvement in crime is not at any significant level and therefore its influence on the identity of the group is n ot important. Peer groups are the lowest level of gangs. The intermediate level is comprised of more organized groups of young people in the streets whose motive of participating in criminal activities is strongly attached to the identity of the group so that the groups assign themselves names. This level therefore is made up of gangs. Finally, there are the organized criminal groups whose motive of committing crimes is for personal gains and this may likely be their main occupation. These organized criminal groups base their operations in the illegal market place(le.ac.uk, n.d).Gang crime is an issue of concern which touches many aspects of a society. Not only is it a social problem but also a political as well as an economically related issue. The most affected are the young people who have increasingly joined gangs due to many factors personal, familial or social. This case study will discuss this topic in relation to the different findings on the trends, causes and the responses to alleviate gang crime. Findings Trends in gang crime The problem of gang crime has seen an increasing trend in the United Kingdom but theShow MoreRelatedMexican-American Drug War1105 Words   |  5 Pagescontrol of Joaquin, the Sinaloa Cartel became powerful and won the battle against the Juarez Cartel who was a former partner of the group. The battle, caused by want for more routes into the U.S. resulted in 12,000 deaths and led the group to employ gangs such as the Artist Assassins, Genre Nueva, and Los Mexicles to fight against the Juarez Cartel. 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Age Requirements in the Music Industry Free Essays

Music brings excitement to everyone’s lives. It goes without saying, music industry is a youth dominated business.   Music creates huge portions of popular cultures, promoting fashions, make-up, automobiles, popular hangouts and latest technology. We will write a custom essay sample on Age Requirements in the Music Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now People behind scenes in music business targeting youthful audiences bring in most revenue. Performer’s ability to portray sex symbolic image determines, to a large extent, record company’s success. Age Requirements; When professionals force very young children into stretching their vocal chords to match pitches in high notes above treble staff, when a child is given drugs to work longer hours while keeping up with school work, it is too young. When an older person no longer wants to make efforts to appeal to audiences, that is when they are too old. Madonna, Tina Turner and Janet Jackson did not acquire their sex symbol images by accident, regardless of how beautiful they were when they were born. When a â€Å"stroke of bad luck† involving serious health problems, is another time when a person is too old for the music industry. This can occur at 20 years old, or it may never occur. Music industry professionals are not concerned with actual ages, as they are with possessing appearances and talent appealing to youth and ability to hold audiences. â€Å"Although Bocelli was exposed to different styles when he was young, its been my experience age doesn’t matter. What matters is a willingness to do what it takes. I have used methods to assist many singers into developing new styles, regardless of age† (Goodrich, 2007).   Carrying off a sexy singing voice is equally important as carrying off sexy physical image. Many auditions forms ask a persons age range. Age range refers to the age performers can portray. Very often, a 40 year old person has an age range of 20-25; likewise very often, a twenty five year old has an age range of 40-50. Sex Symbols; â€Å"Audiences today have a very short attention span. An ability to intrigue an audience is mandatory† (paraphrased, Ravelo, November 1, 2007).   Sex symbols definitely intrigues audiences, initially. Anyone can look like a sex symbol. Sex symbol status, like it or not, is determined by weight management. Rules of statistics do not apply to people keeping youthful appearances years longer than expected. Singers such as Beyonce, Madonna, PussyCat Dolls are superior role models for women. Their hairstyles, fashions, physique contribute to their identity of being a sex symbol. Nightclubs; Even with stricter laws on underage drinking, and the nightclub staff, many underage people successfully enter into clubs. All night club personnel must attend classes and pass a mandatory exam regarding laws. Fake identification cards, or theft of someone else’s valid ID’s are one way it is done. Legal parents or guardians accompanying their children can legally enter into night clubs and drink, as long as the beverage is served to the parent, and they parent gives them the drink. Sometimes managers bend rules allowing underage people into the club. And sometimes unmentioned arrangements are bargained with between the club and the state and city law enforcement agencies. Clubs who ID every person walking through the door, are probably the ones pulling something under the table. Nightclubs appeal to youthful crowds. Usually, nightclubs target age groups by music selection. Sometimes a persons choice of music reveals their age. People educated in music will listen to all types of music. Conclusion; Music industry has no age requirements. Music industry requires targeting youthful audiences at any age. Popular culture, which is youth oriented, is often associated with music. Music videos are full of sex symbols, including Justin Timberlake, Elvis, Ricky Martin, Usher, Gwen Steffani, Christina Augillera. Sex symbols in music industry serve as wonderful role models for all people of all ages. People who are in the spotlight also have a responsibility to ensure their behavior is worth copying. The media and Christian groups love to â€Å"throw dirt† on anything or anyone presented as a glamorous sexy superstar. Music video industry has talented sex symbols of all ages. Notes: Goodrich, M. Can Style Be Learned? Backstage.com Voice Movement; Published November 2, 2007; Date retrieved November 3, 2007 http://www.backstage.com/bso/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003667139 Ravelo, H., Kuhn, S., Bickelmann, L., What Top Three Things Make a Successful Actor Backstage.com; Ask A Pro. Published November 1, 2007; Date retrieved November 3, 2007 http://www.backstage.com/bso/advice-columns/ask-a-professional/ask-a-pro/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003666231 How to cite Age Requirements in the Music Industry, Essay examples

Cannery Row Essay Example For Students

Cannery Row Essay The Pearl of Cannery RowA pearl is created when a tiny speck of intruding dust enters and irritates an oyster shell. The reaction of the oyster is to make a beautiful pearl out of the particle of dust. Some pearls are perfect and others are imperfect, but all are a unique and wondrous creation of nature. In Cannery Row, John Steinbeck imitates natures process with Cannery Row as the oyster and Mack as the speck of dust. Steinbeck shows Mack as the irritant which causes Cannery Row to veer from a precarious course and make a change for the better. In the end Mack creates a wonderful pearl for Cannery Row the quality of unity and the reader learns that sometimes the best results come from seemingly meaningless occurrences. Mack is in the least a large source of irritation and at the most worthless to the residents of Cannery Row. Steinbeck introduces him as the elder, leader, mentor and to a small extent, the exploiter of a little group of men who had in common no families, no money and no ambitions beyond food, drink and contentment (9). His effect upon the town, while often anonymous, is clearly sensed: A hardware store supplied a can of red paint not reluctantly because it never knew about it (12). Mack appears when he needs something and disappears when pay-up time comes around. To Cannery Row, Mack and the boys avoid the trap, walk around the poison, step over the noose while a generation of trapped, poisoned and trussed-up men scream at them and call them no-goods, come-to-bad-ends, blots-on-the-town, thieves, rascals, bums (15). Because Mack does not fit societys traditional standards of living, the town also assumes that his character does not measure up either. He isnt seen for what he really is a man with a sweet soul who simply is not driven by worldly desires instead, people judge him against others and by their own expectations of a man. Mack lacks ambition but not a good heart. His only intentions are for survival, never for the purpose of inflicting pain or problem on others: In the world ruled by tigers with ulcers, rutted by strictured bulls, scavenged by blind jackals, Mack and the boys dine delicately with the tigers, fondle the frantic heifers, and wrap up the crumbs to feed the sea gulls of Cannery Row (15). He calmly accepts what his life presents him with, making palaces out of shacks instead of trying to attain a higher position. Macks good-natured side can be seen in his desire to do something nice for the friendly and dependable marine biologist Doc. For Cannery Row, the effect is for Mack to actually develop a goal throwing a party for Doc. As soon as this goal is realized, Mack goes to work. He manipulates everyone, including Doc himself, so his goal can be attained; from Lee Chong, the grocery store owner: Will you let us take your old truck up to Carmel Valley for frogs for Docfor good old Doc? (55) to the trusting captain who ends up willingly helping Mack: You know, Ive got a pond up by the house thats so full of frogs, I cant sleep nights . . . Id be glad to get rid of them (83), and back to Lee Chong again. Ironically, Mack could just as easily use his persuasive powers strictly for personal gain, but the thought never enters his mind. We see the cultivation of the pearl taking place with the events leading up to the botched first party and with the disaster itself. Mack first stirs up the town in his campaign to acquire money and materials for the party. Everything is smooth until the irritation begins: Mack makes the mistake of saying just a few sips wont hurt too many times: with the captain Maybe a short one . . . wouldnt it be easier to pour out some in a pitcher? (92), in waiting for Doc: They Mack and the boys had a couple more drinks, just to savor the plan (121) and while decorating: They Mack and the boys had finished the whiskey by now and they really felt in a party